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The Xiantiandao (; Vietnamese: ''Tiên Thiên Đạo'', Japanese: ''Sentendō''), also simply Tiandao (; Vietnamese: ''Thiên Đạo'', Japanese: ''Tendō'') is one of the most productive currents of Chinese folk religious sects, characterised by representing the principle of divinity as feminine and by a concern for salvation (moral completion) of mankind. Xiantiandao was created in Jiangxi in the 17th century Qing dynasty—together with the other Chinese religions of fasting (斋教 ''zhāijiāo'') of which it is one—, as a branch of the Dacheng (大乘 "Great Vehicle") or Yuandun (圆顿 "Sudden Stillness") eastern proliferation of Luoism. It has also been traced to the earlier ''Wugongdao'' (五公道 "Way of the Five Lords"), a Yuan dynasty offshoot of the White Lotus tradition.〔Topley, 2011. p. 211〕〔Ter Harr, 1999. pp. 16-59〕 The Xiantiandao religions were considered heterodox and suppressed throughout the history of China; they are still mostly forbidden in China, yet they thrive in Taiwan where at least 7% of the population adheres to some sect derived from the Xiantiandao. The Xiantiandao movement is not limited only to Chinese-speaking countries, with at least one sect, the , active in Japan.〔(''Tendo'' official website )〕 In Vietnam, "Tiên Thiên Đạo" doctrines ultimately influenced the rise of the ''Minh Đạo'' sects since the 17th century and subsequently of Caodaism in the 20th century.〔Goossaert, Palmer, 2011. pp. 100-102〕 Sects that are or have been considered as part of the Xiantiandao stream are: * Guigendao (归根道 "Way of the Return to the Root") * Guiyidao (皈依道, "Way of the Return to the One"), best known by its corporate name of School of the Way of the Return to the One or simply School of the Way (道院 ''Dàoyuàn'') * Shengdao (圣道 "Holy Way"), best known by its incorporate name of Tongshanshe (同善社 "Community of the Goodness") * Tiandi teachings (天帝教 "Heavenly Deity") * Yaochidao (瑤池道 "Way of the Jasper Lake") * Yiguandao (一貫道 "Complete Way") * * Haizidao (亥子道 "Way of the Children") * * Miledadao (弥勒大道 "Great Way of Maitreya") * Yixin Tiandao Longhua Hui (一心天道龙华会 "Dragon Flower Church of the Heart-bent Heavenly Way") * Yuanmingdao (圆明道 "Way of the Bright Circle") ==History== The sect can be traced back to the Yuan dynasty (1271-1368). It has been associated to the White Lotus tradition, a rebellious sect of that time, especially by anti-sect political centers and religious antagonists. The differentiation of the Xiantiandao subtradition out of the general field of Chinese popular sects is commonly attributed to the so-called ninth patriarch Huang Dehui (1684-1750). The Yiguandao and the Tongshanshe sects legitimize themselves by tracing their patriarchal lines through Huang Dehui to the mythical patriarchs of early Chinese history. The patriarchal lines of these two sects are largely identical down to the thirteenth patriarch Yang Shouyi (1796-1828), after whom the lines split and ultimately lead to the development of the Yiguandao and the Tongshanshe as separate sects. The other groups maintain a different model of linear patriarchal succession.〔(Tiandi official website - 天德教前期歷史探討 )〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Xiantiandao」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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